Ice-cream freezer.



No. 816,810. PATENTED APR. 3, 1906. G. E. MOLESWORTH.

ICE CREAM FREEZER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 24, 1903. RENEWED AUG. 21.1905.

tykym UNITED s-TATEs PATENT onrro.

ICE-CREAM FREEZER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

"Patented April 3, 1906.

Application filed September 24, 1908. Renewed August 21, 1906. SerialNo. 275,189.

clare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains tomake and use the same.

This invention relates to ice-cream freezers of that general classwherein the material to be frozen is placed in a can surrounded by arefrigerant, the contents of the can being stirred or agitated.

The object of the present invention is to provide an ice-cream freezerwherein the use of ice will be dispensed with and in place thereof therewill be employed a highly volatile liquid which will be introduced intoa chamber of the freezer in a gaseous'state and will be liquefied bysuitable mechanism within thefreezer and then discharged a ainst theice-cream can, where in the process volatilization it will absorb heatfrom the contents of the can, which will be given up to a cooling mediumwhen the gas 1s again compressed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a freezer which will beconstantly charged with its refrigerant, so that the expense andannoyance incident to the use of the ordinary freezer which employs icewill be dispensed with.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be understood fromthe following description.

In the drawin s forming a portion of this specification, and in whichlike numerals of reference indicate similar parts in the several views,Figure 1 is a vertical'section through an ice-cream freezer embodyingthe present invention, portions thereof bemg shown in elevation. Fig. 2is a detail sectional view of the relief-valve and nozzle at thedischarge end of the radiatin -coil. Fig. 3 is a detail sectional viewof t e upper portion of the pump, showing the inlet-valve of the majorcylinder of the pump. Fig. 4 is a detail sectionalview of the lower endof the pump, illustratin the inlet and outlet ball valves with whic theminor cylinder is provided. Fig. 5 is a detail view showin the manner ofmounting the gear-wheel on the dasher-shaft.

Referring now to the drawings, the present freezer comprises an outer.preferably cylindrical bodyportion 5, which may be any desired s ecificdimensions, this bod portion being c osed at its lower end by the ottom6, and being closed also at its'up er end save for the central portionthereof y the top 7, these parts of the body portion bein securelyconnected and hermetically scale so that there can be no escape of fluidtherefrom.

Surrounding the central opening in the top 7 of the body 5 is an annularflan e 8, which forms a continuation of the cylin ical partition 9,which extends from the bottom to the top of the body 5 and forms whatmay be termed the cream-can, inasmuch as it is designed to hold orcontain the material that is to be frozen In the cream-can is rotatablymounted a dasher 10, which may be of any desired specific design andwhichincludes a shaft 11, which projects through the cap or cover 12,which is fitted over the flange 8 said cap or cover having a bearing 12'in which the shaft 11 is snugly and rotatably fitted. The upper end ofthe shaft 11 above the cap or cover 12 is reduced and squared, as shownin Fig. 5, and upon this reduced end 14 is removably disposed abevel-gear 15, which is rotated in a manner to be presently explained.

Surrounding and concentric with the creamcan is a cylindrical partition15, which extends from the bottom of the body portion 5 to a line justbelow the top thereof, this partition 15 bein spaced slightly from thecream-can, so t at there is formed an annular refrigerating-chamber 16,in which the liquefied refrigerant is permitted to expand and which forconvenience may be termed the refrigeratmg-chamber.

- Surrounding and concentric to the parti- 9 5 tion 15' is a partition17, which extends continuously from the bottom to the top of the body 5and incloses between it and the parti' tion 15 a refrigerant-chamber18'. Between the partition 17 and the vertical wall'of the 100 Withinthe chamber 19 and encirc ing the-r0 5 wall 17 is a worm 20, consisting,preferabl of copper pipe of any suitable dlameter. t

the upper end of the worm is connected an automatic reliefvalvecomprising a cylindrical casing 21, which is passed through the 1 10partition at a point just below the upper end of the latter and at oneend of which casin within the inclosure of said partition is a vave-seat22, in-which is disposed a conical valve 23, said valve being adaptedtoopen in the direction of the inclosure of the partition 15. The valve23 has a stem 24, which is threaded at its free end for engagementtherewith of a nut 25, which bears against a washer 26, which fitsslidably in the casin 21 and has notches 27 in its periphery whic permitof pass age therethrough of fluid from one side to the other of the.washer. Between the washer 26 and the end of the casing in which thevalve-seat is formed is a helical spring 28, which encircles thevalve-stem and serves to hold the valve yieldably in its seat. Thetension of the spring 28 is adjusted by mani ulation of the nut on thevalve-stem, it eing understood that the pressure within the casing 21 atwhich the valve will open will be determined by the tension of thespring; The end of the casing 21 op osite to the valveseat is exteriorlythreads as shown at 29, and is screwed into a coupling 30,. which formsa cap for the casing and into which turn is screwed the upper end of thepipe forming the worm 20. The worm 20 extends from a point near to thetop of the body 5 somewhat more than half-we down said bod and the lowerend thereo is connected to t e lower end of a pump. The pump emoyed cornrises an upper barrel 30 and a ower barre 31, the latter havingsubstantially one-half the cross-sectional area of the former and thetwo barrels bein in axial alinement and communicating at t eir ends, theminor barrel being, in fact, a mere reduced continuation of the majorbarrel. In the barrel 30 is a iston 32, and in the barrel 31 isa piston33 t ese pistons fitting tightly in their respective barrels and beingfixed to a common piston-rod 34, which extends upwardly and through astuihng-box 35 at the upper end ofthe barrel 30. The pump in question islocated within the chamber 19, and the upper end thereof is screwed intoan opening in a top plate 36, which is disposed upon the to 7 of thebody. Connecting the upper and o thebarrel 30 with the upper end of therefrigerant-chamber 18 is an inie t-pipe or suction-pipe 37, having aninlet-valve 38, so that when the iston 32 travels downwardly in thebarre 30 gas, such as ammonia-gas, which has been previously placed inthe chamber 18, is drawn into the barrel 30. Connecting the u per end ofthe barrel 30 with the lower end of the barrel 31 is a pipe 38, rovidedwith a valve 39, which opens in the irection of the barrel 31, thisvalve act ing both as an outlet-valve for the barrel 30 and aninlet-valve for the barrel 31. As the piston 32 moves upwardly'thepiston 33 in the lower'barrel 31 moves also upwardly, so that the gas inthe barrel 30 above its piston is compressed and forced downwardlythrough the pipe 38 into the barrel 31 below the PIS- ton 33, thisaction being assisted by the suction of the piston 33. In the worm 20 atits point of connection with the barrel 31 is an outlet-valve 40, andwhen the piston 33 travels downwardly the gas in the barrel 31, whichhas been previously given initial compression by the upper piston, isfurther compressed and is forced into the worm or radiatmg-coil. Thevalve 23 has its spring set at such a tension that the valve will notopen until the compression in the Worm or radiating-pipe has reached apoint s'uflicient to liquefy the gas. The valve then opens, and theliquid in the pipe or worm is discharged against the partition or wall9, and in tricdown it volatilizes, and in its volatilization absorbsheat from the contents of the can. This vblatilization is hastened bythe rarefication of the atmosphere of the chamber 18 incident to theexhausting action of the pump. The changes in the ph sical nature of therefrigerant are thus quic y attained, the heat of compression beingtaken up by the water in the chamber 19.

It is found that by the use of ammonia-gas the contents of the cream-cancan vbe frozen in a much shorter space of time than in the ordinarymethod in which ice and salt are employed, it bein noted, furthermore,that after being once 0 arged with ammonia-gas no further su ply ofrefrigerant is required, the same gas Eeing used over and over again.

To operate the pump, a lever 41 is employed, which is fulcrumed upon asupport 42, which is rockingly mounted at the bottom of the body 5 andextends upwardly and above said body, so that the lever is capable ofreciprocation as well as oscillation, for a purpose to be presentlyexplained The piston-rod 44 is connected to the lever 41 by means of alink 43, so that when the lever is oscillated or rocked upon its fulcrumthe rod, with its pistons, will be reciprocated. The pin 44, thatconnects the link with the lever 41, is removable, so that the lever maybe dis connected'at will from the link.

To operate the dasher, which in practice is oscillated, a beveledsegmental gear 45 is connected to the lever 41 and isen a ed with thebeveled gear or pinion 15. en the lever 41 is to be rocked to operatethe piston, said lever is drawn rearwardly to a degree sufficient todisenga e the segment from the ear. While the ll 43 permits of longituinal movement of the lever sufiicient to give slight oscillation to thedasher, when furthe! oscillation is desired the lever is disconnectedfrom the link, as above described, and the lever may be then manipulatedin such manner as to bring into action the entire length ofthe se entalgear.

It wil be understood that in the present specification and drawingsthere has been described and shown merely a single embodiment of theinvention, it being. understood that in practice modifications of thespecific construction shown may be made and any suitable materials andproportions may be used for the various parts without departing from thespirit of the invention.

What is claimed is 1. A freezing apparatus comprising a receptacle forthe material to be frozen, a refrigerating-chamber surrounding the recetacle, a refrigerant-chamber surrounding t e refrigerating chamberradiating coil exterior to the refrigerant-chamber and connected at oneend with the refrigerating chamber and a compression apparatus having aninlet connected with the refrigerantchamber and an outlet connectedwithv the outer end of the radiating-coil, the refrigerating-chamber andthe refri erant-chamber being in communication at their upper ends topermit of overflow of the refri erant from the refrigerating-chamberinto t e refriger ant-chamber. I

2. A selfcontained freezing apparatus comprising a receptacle for thematerial to be frozen, a refrigerating-chamber in active relation to thereceptacle, a refrigerant-chamber communicating with therefrigeratingchamber, a radiating-coil lying exterior to the saidreceptacle and chambers, and connected at one end with therefrigeratingchamber, a compressor having its outlet end connected withthe coil and its inlet end connected with the refrigerant-chamber, and awater-chamber surrounding said receptacle and first-named chambers andin which the coil and compressor are contained.

3. A freezing apparatus comprising a receptacle for the material to befrozen, a refrigerating'chamber in active relation to the receptacle, awater-chamber surrounding said receptacle and refrigerating-chamber,aradiator in the water-chamber, one end of the radiator being connectedwith the refrigcrating-chamber and having an automatic relief-valve, anda compression-pump having an inlet in communication with therefrigerating-chamber and an outlet connected with the radiator at theopposite end thereof from the relief-valve.

4. A freezing apparatus comprising a receptacle for the material to befrozen, a refrigerating-chamber surrounding the receptacle, arefrigerant-chamber surrounding the refrigerating-chamber andcommunicating with the latter at its upper end, a waterchambersurrounding the refrigerantcham ber, a radiating-coil in thewater-chamber encircling the refrigerant-chamber, one end of said coilbeing connected with the refrigerating-chamber and havin an automat1crelief-valve, and a pump in t e water-chamber having an inlet connectedwith the refrigerant-chamber and having an outlet connected with thelower end of the coil.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' CLYDE ELDRIDGE MOLESWORTH.

Witnesses:

' Jos. H. BLACKWOOD,

GEO. H. CHANDLER.

